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Hindmarsh Island (Aboriginal: Kumerangk) is an island in the lower Murray River near the town of Goolwa, South Australia. It is a popular tourist destination, which has increased in popularity since the Hindmarsh Island bridge was opened in 2001. Hindmarsh Island is south east of the Adelaide city centre, around a 1-hour and 30 minute drive. == History == 1830: The first European to set foot on Hindmarsh Island was Captain Charles Sturt. Sturt used the Island as a viewing point and from there he sighted the Murray Mouth. 1831: Captain Collet Barker surveyed the Murray Mouth but was killed by Indigenous Australians after swimming across the mouth. 1837: The island was named by Captain John William Dundas Blenkinsop after South Australia's first Governor, Sir John Hindmarsh. 1849: Dr. John Rankine was granted an occupational licence to become the island's first grazier. His nephew James Rankine was an early and longtime settler. 1853: Charles Price purchased section 20 ()on the island. 1856: A flour mill was constructed. 1857: A signal mast was erected at Barker Knoll to convey safe passage condition messages to vessels wishing to pass through the mouth. 1858: A public ferry began operations between Goolwa and the island. In the same year the first inter colonial telegraph line passed through the island to link Adelaide with Melbourne. 1861: The cemetery was surveyed. 1900: A cheese factory was built. 1868: Hereford cattle and Shropshire sheep arrived in South Australia, when Charles Price introduced them onto the island. 1914: An experimental barrage was constructed to link Hindmarsh Island with Mundoo Island. 1935: Construction of the permanent barrages took place with the aim of maintaining a consistent water level around the river Port of Goolwa and keeping salt water from the northern shore improving agricultural opportunities. 1965: Mains electricity arrived on the island 1970: Little penguins were present on Hindmarsh Island. Today, the colony is extinct. 〔Wiebken, A. (Conservation Priorities for Little Penguin Populations in Gulf St Vincent ) ''SARDI'', South Australia (June 2011). Retrieved 2014-01-26.〕 1977: Alberto Forest was planted 1985: Approximately an area of including the island was listed as a "wetland of international importance" under the Ramsar convention under the name of Coorong and Lakes Alexandrina and Albert Wetland. 2001: Approximately a third of the island, the Wyndgate property, was added to the Coorong National Park. 2005: Hindmarsh Island Marina boasts the title of the largest freshwater marina in the Southern Hemisphere. Present: Hindmarsh Island today has fresh water on its northern shore and salt water on the southern shores, the waters being separated by a series of barrages. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hindmarsh Island」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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